中小跨径梁桥钢筋锈蚀率评估

以中小跨径的钢筋混凝土简支梁桥为研究对象，列出部分桥梁的钢筋锈蚀状况，探索了用人工神经网络评估野外环境下钢筋锈蚀率的方法，并与实际资料相印证，突出其合理性。     

以设计轴压比限值为目标的核心钢筋优化布置分析

本文以设计轴压比限值为目标,针对均匀点阵式分布和矩形周圈均匀分布两种情况,以理论推导的方式研究钢筋混凝土柱核芯钢筋的优化布置。分析表明,均匀点阵式分布明显优于矩形周圈分布；当核芯钢筋分布范围的边长系数小于0．5时,核心钢筋能有效提高设计轴压比限值,当边长系数大于0．5时,随边长系数的增大核芯钢筋对提高设计轴压比限值的效果显著降低。因此,在满足施工方便和施工质量的前提下,应尽量减小核芯钢筋的分布边长。此外,设计轴压比提高幅度与核芯钢筋配筋率之间基本上成正比关系。     

用超声波波速评估大电机主绝缘的剩余运行年数

为了有效评估大电机主绝缘的剩余寿命，对大量已运行16、18和23年的300MW发电机定子线棒进行统计最小波速Vmin和统计平均波速Vav的超声波波速测量试验，以及介质损耗角增量△tanδ、电容变化率△C／C0、最大放电量qmax、平均放电量qmean等电气测量试验，用线性回归分析对比研究了超声参数和电气参数与运行年数多的相关性。结果表明，Vmin和Vav与^↑y密切相关，△tanδ、qmax和qmean与^↑y相关性较弱，△C／C0与^↑y没有相关性，超声参数比电气参数能更准确评估绝缘状态；分别建立了Vmin和Vav与^↑y的二阶和三阶线性函数数学模型，提出了最可靠运行年数和置信度为95％的可靠运行年数的预测方法。     

Pressure-Induced Phase Transformation of HfO2

The pressure dependence of the Raman spectra of HfO₂ was measured by a micro-Raman technique using a singlecrystal specimen in the pressure range from 0 to 10 GPa at room temperature. The symmetry assignment of Raman bands of the monoclinic phase was experimentally accomplished from the polarization measurements for the single crystal. With increased pressure, a phase transformation for the monoclinic phase took place at 4.3 ± 0.3 GPa. Nineteen Raman bands were observed for the high-pressure phase. The spectral structure of the Raman bands for the high-pressure phase was similar with those reported previously for ZrO₂. The space group for the high-pressure phase of HfO₂ was determined as Pbcm , which was the same as that of the high-pressure phase for ZrO₂ on the basis of the number and the spectral structure of the Raman bands.     

Pullout tests of epoxy-coated reinforcement in concrete

The bond strength and slip of epoxy-coated reinforcing bars in concrete have been evaluated by carrying out single pullout and double pullout tests. In extended single pullout tests, slip measurements were made while tensile force was applied to reinforcing bars embedded in concrete. In double pullout tests, 20 cycles of load were applied at levels of steel stress between zero and 0·5 times characteristic steel strength. Strains were measured by electrical resistance strain gauges glued inside the bars. Both epoxy-coated and uncoated bars were used in the investigation, to obtain comparative results. The strain gradient along the bar was found to be less for the coated reinforcement. In general, the epoxy coating was found to increase slip in bond and thereby reduce the bond performance of coated bars.     

冷轧带肋钢筋直径与拉丝机卷筒直径的匹配

采用被动式工艺生产冷轧带肋钢筋须经过减径、成型两台轧机连续轧制．要求钢材的秒流量相等，否则将造成断线停产或线材在拉丝机卷筒上打滑，致使卷筒严重磨损．用双层卷筒拉丝机提供动力生产冷轧带肋钢筋时，线材直径与卷筒直径的匹配是在一个小的调整范围，通过轧机拉力控制在一定范围变化，可保证成品尺寸符合公差要求而不产生打滑，从而避免了卷筒严重磨损．     

2A14-T6铝合金大规格棒材时效制度的研究

2A14铝合金大规格棒材性能不稳定，在生产中抗拉强度常达不到国家标准要求。经过一系列热处理工艺试验，确定了2A14-T6合金大规格棒材的人工时效制度。     

Joining of metal bars by a new process of transformation-diffusion brazing

Within the bonded interface of metal bars joint produced by conventional solid state bonding process （ such as flash welding, resistance butt welding, friction welding and so on）, the inclusions are often present, which degrade the ductility of joint. A new process of transformation-diffusion brazing is proposed, in which an amorphous foil containing melting point depressant is preplaced between the interfaces to be joined, and the assembly is repeatedly heated/cooled without holding time at peak temperature. A low carbon steel bars, BNi-2 amorphous foil and resistance butt welding machine were used. The results show that surfuce contamination can be disrupted by the dissolution of base metal into molten interlayer in comparison with conventional process, and the ductility of joint can be improved by increasing the times of temperature cycles on line. In addition, transformation-diffusion brazing can be done with relatively simple and inexpensive system in comparison with transient liquid phase bonding.     

Q345圆钢杆的疲劳破坏模型

为研究结构钢圆杆的疲劳破坏模型,以结构钢的椭球面断裂模型为开裂判据,由结构钢圆杆疲劳裂纹的裂尖真实应力场,计算出结构钢圆杆疲劳裂纹的失稳扩展面积、稳定扩展面积和稳定扩展长度.基于结构钢疲劳裂纹随加载次数加速扩展的试验事实,假定结构钢圆杆的疲劳裂纹稳定扩展速率是循环加载次数的单调递增幂函数,即双对数坐标系下结构钢圆杆的疲劳裂纹稳定扩展速率和循环加载次数为单调递增线性函数,积分后得到结构钢圆杆的疲劳裂纹稳定扩展长度和疲劳寿命间的函数表达式,导出结构钢圆杆的疲劳破坏模型.建议的结构钢圆杆的疲劳破坏模型表明,结构钢圆杆的疲劳寿命是名义最大应力、相对应力幅、初始裂纹位置和初始裂纹长度的复杂函数,不能简单化为仅是应力幅的函数.对Q345B圆钢杆进行了常幅循环应力疲劳试验,结果表明,Q345B圆钢杆的疲劳寿命随相对应力幅和名义最大应力的增加而降低.根据Q345B圆钢杆的疲劳试验结果,标定了其疲劳破坏模型参数,验证了建议的疲劳破坏模型精度.     

PLC在表生耳柔性装配机中的应用

介绍三菱FX2N-32MR-001型可编程控制器(Programmable Logic Controller,PLC)在表生耳柔性装配机中的应用,阐述表生耳柔性装配机的功能及总体结构、硬件装置和部分程序设计,并探讨如何从软件方面实现柔性装配.实践证明,该装配机可以装配多种不同规格的产品,满足实际生产需要.